Thermoforming is a common manufacturing process for creating shells and packaging. It involves placing a heated, softened plastic sheet over a mold, then drawing air from the mold to cause the sheet to adhere to the mold's surface. A cooling method solidifies the plastic, after which the shell is removed from the mold.

The thermoforming process is as follows:

1. Mold Preparation: Molds are created according to product design requirements. Molds are typically made from metal materials such as aluminum alloy or steel.

2. Material Selection: Suitable plastic sheets are selected based on product requirements, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polypropylene (PP).

3. Material Preheating: The plastic sheet is heated to a certain temperature to make it pliable and soft.

4. Material Placement: The preheated plastic sheet is placed over the mold and secured with a special fixture.

5. Adhesion and Cooling: Vacuum equipment is activated to draw air from the mold, causing the plastic sheet to adhere to the mold. A cooling device lowers the temperature, allowing it to quickly solidify and form.

6. Mold Opening and Removal: After cooling, vacuum is stopped, the mold is opened, and the formed plastic shell is removed from the mold.